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Gabrovo, Bulgaria \u2014<\/strong> When rocks crashed through the windows of their home, the bathroom seemed the safest place to hide. Huddled together, the family of Vasil Velichkow Hristov \u2014 including his six young grandchildren \u2014 listened as an angry mob chanted threats and racial slurs.<\/p>\n \u201cCome out, Roma, we\u2019ll make soap out of you,\u201d they yelled, according to several people who were nearby at the time.<\/p>\n Once a positive example of integration of the ethnic Roma community in Bulgaria, the northern central city of Gabrovo has been engulfed by racist violence and anti-Roma protests<\/a> since April 10.<\/p>\n For four consecutive nights<\/a> ethnic Bulgarians, some armed with metal batons, took to the cobblestone streets to demand that Gabrovo be cleansed of its Roma community. They smashed windows, threatened to kill the Roma, and set their homes on fire, burning to the ground their belongings and leaving the lives they had built here in ruins.<\/p>\n A family\u2019s window was damaged by anti-Roma protesters.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Standing in front of the burnt-out shell of the home he built five years ago, Krasimir Mitev gestured to the clothes he was wearing. They were everything he had left. Walking through the house\u2019s charred interior, he pointed to the places where his bed, his table and his TV had stood just days before.<\/p>\n Instead of providing police protection, the authorities instructed the Roma to flee, according to several members of the community and Roma rights activists.<\/p>\n Ivan Todorov, a regional coordinator for Roma rights NGO Amalipe, estimates that around 80 percent of Gabrovo\u2019s roughly 600 Roma complied. How many have or might still return is uncertain \u2014 some, he says, are just too afraid to come back.<\/p>\n Bulgaria is the poorest member of the EU, and home to one of the continent\u2019s largest Roma populations. Although the Council of Europe estimates<\/a> that Roma make up more than 10 percent of Bulgaria\u2019s population \u2014 about 750,000 people \u2014 they are so marginalized and disenfranchised that less than half of them chose to self-identify as Roma during the last census<\/a>.<\/p>\n A Roma family searches through rubble after part of their home was destroyed. Following violent anti-Roma protests, Gabrovo’s municipal government started to tear down structures it claims were illegally built by Roma.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n The country\u2019s politicians, media and general population have long used the ethnic minority as a punching bag for social and economic issues. But recently, their situation has worsened, experts say.<\/p>\n Rising nationalism and populism have driven Bulgaria\u2019s Roma farther to the fringes of society, with some politicians neglecting to protect their access and right to housing, safety and education.<\/p>\n Lawmakers are using anti-Roma sentiment and rhetoric to mobilize voters ahead of European Parliament elections later this month and municipal elections later in the year, says Daniela Mihaylova, legal director of NGO Equal Opportunities Initiative Association, who has spent her career working for equal rights for the Roma minority.<\/p>\n While the Roma frequently face belligerent hatred and discrimination, \u201cit is even worse before elections,\u201d Mihaylova told CNN in her office in Sofia, \u201cbecause it is so easy to catch the average Bulgarian with this topic.\u201d<\/p>\n The recent protests in Gabrovo were triggered by widely circulated surveillance footage showing men identified as Roma allegedly instigating a fight at a late-night convenience store.<\/p>\n Venzislav Borislavov Ivanov says he was pulled into a fight involving men identified as Roma.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Roma men allegedly instigated a fight at this store in Gabrovo, which triggered the recent protests.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n \u201cI didn\u2019t think that the incident would reach such a wide public,\u201d Venzislav Borislavov Ivanov, an employee who says he was pulled into the fight, told CNN days later as he sat down to breakfast with his daughter. \u201cThe problems with the Roma have piled up over the last years, and after people saw the video, it escalated.\u201d<\/p>\n Online and in the media, outrage over the fight ensued, with the Roma portrayed as violent thugs who were threatening the safety of the entire city.<\/p>\n The wife of Tomislav Donchev, the deputy prime minister who is in charge of Roma integration, said on Facebook that the residents of Gabrovo wanted to live in a city \u201ccleansed of gypsies\u201d without having to fear being \u201cattacked by drunken or drugged gypsies.\u201d<\/p>\n During a visit to Gabrovo, interior minister Mladen Marinov told CNN he had just installed a new police chief in the city to help solve the \u201ccommunication issues\u201d which had led to this \u201cconflict.\u201d He said all citizens needed to abide by the law and added that some of the Roma had lived in their homes illegally.<\/p>\n Gabrovo\u2019s new police chief, Borislav Muerov, speaks to demonstrators outside the town hall.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n \u201cWe do everything in our power to not have vigilantism, and for civil peace to rule,\u201d he said, adding that at least three men who had set Roma houses on fire had been charged, as have the three ethnic Roma involved in the store fight.<\/p>\n Marinov also categorically denied that anyone had incited violence against the Roma. \u201cThis isn\u2019t an issue to play around with \u2014 it could start a fire that can\u2019t be extinguished,\u201d he said, adding that any politician who \u201csows hatred\u201d could face legal consequences.<\/p>\n The only Bulgarian politician ever charged in connection with hate speech against the Roma was former deputy prime minister Valeri Simeonov, who referred to members of the community as \u201carrogant, presumptuous and ferocious humanoids.\u201d Despite the comments, he remained in government \u2014 and was even appointed head of a national council responsible for the integration of Roma and Turkish people in Bulgaria. He was convicted, but later acquitted by a higher court.<\/p>\n While failing to call out Bulgaria specifically, in a statement to mark International Roma Day this year, the European Commission warned<\/a> that \u201cantigypsyism\u201d was on the rise, and criticized extreme speeches and the spread of hate speech and fake news, including from politicians.<\/p>\n Roma women clean up debris in front of their home.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n In January, a fight between Roma men and an ethnic Bulgarian soldier<\/a> led to similar anti-Roma protests in the village of Voyvodinovo. Dozens of Roma families fled their homes. At a press conference addressing the incident, deputy prime minister Krasimir Karakachanov said<\/a> that \u201cgypsies \u2026 have grown exceedingly insolent.\u201d<\/p>\n Such racist, inflammatory statements against the Roma community have gradually become normalized in Bulgaria, says Alexey Pamporov, an associate professor at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, who has researched hate speech against Roma.<\/p>\n \u201cAlways before the elections \u2014 especially if the rating of the right and conservative parties has fallen or is low \u2014 a \u2018conflict\u2019 arises on the basis of a domestic incident that is \u2018ridden\u2019 by a right-wing leader,\u201d Pamporov says.<\/p>\n The only time Roma weren\u2019t the punching bag, he says, was between 2012 and 2013, when hatred and aggression were targeted at Syrian refugees instead.<\/p>\n A demonstrator walks across the town hall square in Gabrovo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n While about a dozen people gathered in support of peace and Bulgarian unity in front of the mayor\u2019s office last week, the vast majority of people CNN spoke to seemed to agree that any Roma who lived in housing that lacked proper permits or wasn\u2019t officially registered as a resident of Gabrovo ought to leave the city.<\/p>\n Roma representatives say only a small group within the community lacked such documents and pointed to institutional discrimination that often made it impossible to obtain them.<\/p>\n Shortly after he was installed as Gabrovo\u2019s new police chief, Borislav Muerov told CNN in mid-April that he would coordinate with the municipality to evict Roma who were not properly registered.<\/p>\n CNN reached out to the municipal council in Gabrovo for comment about the anti-Roma violence, but did not receive a response to our questions.<\/p>\n Krasimir Mitev stands in the remains of his home.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Mitev\u2019s home was set on fire in the recent protests.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n \u201cWe\u2019ve made one step forward,\u201d Todorov of NGO Amalipe, who has worked for decades to desegregate Gabrovo\u2019s schools, \u201cbut with this incident, it\u2019s been 10 steps back.\u201d<\/p>\n Todorov worries how many families might never return to Gabrovo, how many of their children will never have an opportunity to learn to read and write alongside their Bulgarian peers, and how many of those who do come back to the city might be evicted in the future.<\/p>\n Mitev has returned to rebuild his home, and Hristov\u2019s family, too, decided to come back to Gabrovo. When CNN visited them, they had boarded up the broken windows on the ground floor of the house and covered those upstairs with plastic sheets. The children were still in shock, Hristov said. A neighbor chimed in, saying that his children were too traumatized to return to school.<\/p>\n Vasil Velichkow Hristov\u2019s wife, center, watches an excavator drive by.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n As they spoke, an excavator worked to tear down a small shed the family had built to store clothes and food supplies. Dust from the rubble thrown up by the demolition work blew in their faces.<\/p>\n Inside his simple, neat home, Hristov showed his lease agreement and documents confirming that he was born in Gabrovo and has lived here his entire life. Framed family photos hung on the walls, commemorating marriages and the birth of children and grandchildren, just as they would in any Bulgarian home.<\/p>\n \u201cWe\u2019ve never had any problems with the Bulgarians,\u201d he said. \u201cWhy do they want us to leave?\u201d<\/p>\n \n\tAdditional reporting by Svetoslava Shikova<\/em>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Krasimir Mitev stands besides the remains of his home in Gabrovo, Bulgaria. Gabrovo, Bulgaria \u2014 When rocks crashed through the windows of their home, the bathroom seemed the safest place to hide. Huddled together, the family of Vasil Velichkow Hristov \u2014 including his six young grandchildren \u2014 listened as an angry mob chanted threats and…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":39227,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39226","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-world_news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39226","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39226"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39226\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/39227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39226"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39226"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qatar-news.org\/qatarnewsEn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39226"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"http:\/\/cdn.cnn.com\/cnn\/interactive\/2019\/05\/world\/roma-bulgaria-violence-eu-elections-cnnphotos\/media\/02.jpg\")
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